南美洲大部分的國家（委內瑞拉、哥倫比亞、厄瓜多、秘魯、智利、阿根廷、烏拉圭、巴拉圭、玻利維亞）都講 西班牙文 ，可以通用，而且，他們也都只講西班牙文，除了非常熱門的旅遊地點之外，其他地方很難找到會講英文的人。我從秘魯北邊入境時，發現連海關人員都不會講英文，真的很誇張。
想要去南美旅行的話，最好學一些基本的西班牙文！
發音小技巧
西班牙文很簡單，字母怎麼拼就怎麼發音。
最需要注意的是R這個字母，與英文不同，西班牙文的R不是發「兒」的音， 舌頭不用捲起來，只要輕輕的碰一下上顎就可以了，譬如：西班牙文的「ra」講起來應該要像英文的「la」。
只有美國人才會堅持用英文發音來講西班牙文，而拉丁美洲人並不喜歡美國人，所以，如果不想被當成美國人、被騙錢的話，就千萬不要把R發成「兒」的音。
一、 西班牙文 的打招呼用語
Hola是最基本的打招呼用語，和中文的你好、英文的hello是相同的意思和用法。遇到人，說hola準沒錯。
Cómo estás就和英文的how are you是相同的意思、相同的用法。
與人見面時，一定要記得先問候對方，hola下一句就該接著cómo estás，有時候也沒有真的要聽對方的回答，但這就是個習慣。
＊西班牙文中，問句的標點符號很有趣，除了句尾有問號之外，句首也要寫一個倒著的問號。
南美人很重視禮貌，碰到人就要打招呼，hola是比較輕鬆的用語，更規矩一點的話則要說「早安」、「午安」、「晚安」，依照每天不同的時間段變換。
譬如說：下午的時候進到一個商店買東西，見到裡面的店員，通常不會說「hola」，而是會說「buenas tardes」。
Buenas noches也可以用在說再見的時候，有「祝你有個好夜晚」的意思，睡覺之前互道晚安也是說「buenas noches」。
到了南美的國家，最好不要隨便叫人amigo。
印象中，墨西哥人很喜歡用amigo這個字，也就是「朋友」的意思，不論是誰都叫amigo，不過，這並不適用於整個拉丁美洲。
在南美的國家，如果用amigo來稱呼非自己朋友的人，是很沒有禮貌的，正確的用法應該要稱人為「先生」、「女士」、「小姐」，尤其是對不認識的人和年紀比自己大的人。
Señor用於所有成年的男性，雖然聽起來有點老，但差不多二十歲以上的男性都可以這樣叫。
Señora和señorita用於女性，分界點大概在三十、三十五歲，有時候不太好判斷，對我來說，看起來年紀比我大的女人，我就會成稱呼她為señora，而對那些中年的婦女，只要比自己年輕的都會叫señorita。
二、 簡單的單字
「是」和「不是」這兩個字是去任何國家都必學的，西班牙文的是與否簡單易懂，點頭是、搖頭不是。
值得注意的是，si也有「如果」的意思，不過這個很好分辨，代表「是」的話通常是單一的字，簡潔有力，而代表「如果」的意思則會有一整句話，譬如：si quieres tomar el bus……（如果你想要搭公車的話……） 。
Bien這個字可以用來形容人、事、物，而且範圍很廣，只要是有「好」的意思就行，萬能！
對於cómo estás這個問句，最常見也最簡單的回答就是bien。
三、 請、謝謝、對不起
Por favor直接翻成英文就是for a favor，也就是please的意思。和中文一樣，講西班牙文也要注意禮貌，常常說「請」。
遇到是與否的問題，如果回答是肯定的話，一概用「si, por favor」。
謝謝是最常用的字，承上，遇到是與否的問題，如果回答是否定的話，則用「no, gracias」。
＊西班牙人與拉丁美洲人講的西班牙文最明顯的差別是c的發音，西班牙人會把舌頭放在上下齒中間，發出英文「th」的音，拉丁美洲的人則是和英文的c發音相同。
Perdón就是英文pardon me的意思，中文比較接近「不好意思」，也會用在小型的「對不起」，像是走路時撞到其他人，就可以說perdón，並不是一個正式的、嚴重的道歉。
Disculpe是excuse me的意思，可以用在「借過」的時候，或是打斷別人說話時。
這兩個字適用的時機不太一樣，但也有重複，很難解釋清楚，大概只能生活在西班牙文的環境中，自己體會，才會明白。
四、 西班牙文 中的請問⋯⋯
Dónde和英文的where用法相同，要詢問某個地點在哪裡就用這個字。正確的句型比較複雜，只是旅遊生存的話，知道dónde就可以了。
Cuánto和英文的how much/many一樣，旅行時非常實用，最常用在買東西時，想知道價錢的話，就問「cuánto cuesta」。
五、 我不懂
如果聽不懂對方講的話，可以直接說「no entiendo」，告訴他「我不明白你在說什麼」，並找其他人幫助，避免誤會。
只學以上的幾個字也許不足以與人溝通，但講出來至少能讓當地人有點友善的感覺，比什麼都不會要來得好。
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